formation of z bus matrix in matlab
_data(k).X; B = branch_data(k).B; % Calculate branch admittance Z = R + 1j X; Y = 1 / Z; % Shunt admittance (assuming symmetric and equally split) Y_shunt = 1j B / 2; % Update off-diagonal elements Ybus(from_bus, to_bus) = Ybus(from_bus, to_bus)